One of the biggest costs with aquariums and so many options!

Kits can be a good option, some equipment and items that come with it though might not be of much use so consider that. Unneeded equipment can be sold but this could be for a lower price then the recommended retail price.

Shopping list:

• Aquarium: This is what the fish will be held in, there are some other options that might be discussed in other aspects of the website.
• Filter: This is what processes the fishes waste and provides flow for oxygen circulation.
• Heater (if opting for fish who would need long term 18c or more.): Heats up the aquarium.
• Water conditioner: Removes Chlorine (Cl) which is toxic to the microbes in the filter and the fishes. This is needed for any water added to the aquarium. There are alternatives discussed in the water source page.
• Substrate: Beyond decorative there are potential behavioural enrichments to this. I recommend sands as it does give a wider option of fishes that can be kept.
• Hardscape: This really is partially the decorative aspect of an aquarium but also can provide enrichment for fishes whether it be rocks, wood or some artificial decor.
• Chemicals/bacteria involved in cycling: Please check out the cycling page for this.
• Equipment for water changes: Please refer to the water change page for equipment needed for this.
• Fish food: No requirement to buy before buying the fish.
• Lighting: Not required till obtaining the fish.

Optional equipment:

• Powerhead/wavemaker: For circulation and current, can be useful to pick up waste or for most fishes that need a current.
• Air pump: Great for circulation or required for air driven filtration. Largely used decoratively. Will require airline, a no return valve and likely an airstone.
• Plants: Generally decorative for the aquarium.

Should I buy second hand?

Yes and no, second hand is unlikely to have a warranty but for moving parts such as impellers in filters these are unlikely to be covered anyway. Second hand can be a great way of saving money on quality products/brands that are usually quite expensive. If still wet after use there is a disease risk.

Do not clean second hand equipment with house hold cleaning items, leaving in the sun and allowing to dry out after a good rinse would be best.